top of page

Governments Should Spend Money on Railways Rather Than Roads - IELTS Task 2 Band 9 Sample Essay


Governments Should Spend Money on Railways Rather Than Roads - IELTS Task 2 Band 9 Sample Essay


Sample Essay 1

Governments prioritizing investments in railways over roads is a topic of significant debate. While roads serve critical functions in connecting remote areas, I strongly believe that allocating more funds to railways is a wiser choice. This essay will argue that railways are more sustainable and efficient in addressing long-term transportation needs and explore their role in reducing urban congestion and environmental degradation.


Railways offer unparalleled sustainability and efficiency compared to roads. Unlike motorways that primarily support private vehicles, railways can transport a vast number of passengers and goods simultaneously, reducing reliance on fossil fuel-powered vehicles. For example, a single train can carry hundreds of passengers or several tons of cargo in one trip, significantly lowering per capita carbon emissions. Moreover, rail systems tend to be more cost-effective over time, as they require less frequent repairs and upgrades than roads, which are susceptible to damage from heavy vehicles and extreme weather. Investments in high-speed rail networks, such as Japan’s Shinkansen, have demonstrated how railways can revolutionize intercity travel by providing a reliable, eco-friendly alternative to air and road transport, ultimately supporting a nation’s economic growth.


In addition to sustainability, railways are instrumental in mitigating urban congestion and pollution. Expanding railway networks encourages people to opt for trains over private vehicles, easing the burden on overcrowded city roads. For instance, cities like London and Singapore, with extensive railway systems, have successfully reduced traffic congestion and air pollution. A robust rail infrastructure also promotes social equity by offering an affordable and accessible mode of transport for lower-income groups, unlike private cars, which remain out of reach for many. Consequently, improving railways not only enhances urban mobility but also contributes to cleaner air and a healthier living environment for citizens.


In conclusion, prioritizing railways over roads is a prudent approach for governments aiming to achieve sustainable development. By fostering efficient, environmentally friendly, and inclusive transportation systems, investments in railways address both current and future challenges, ensuring economic and social progress.


Achieve your dream score with our detailed IELTS eBooks - your complete guide!


Get our comprehensive IELTS Essay Correction Service from a real examiner!



Sample Essay 2

The debate over whether governments should prioritize railways over roads is a complex issue. While rail systems undeniably offer certain advantages, I completely disagree with the notion that they should receive more funding than roads. This essay will argue that roads are indispensable for connectivity and economic development and highlight their versatility in meeting diverse transportation needs.


Road infrastructure is the backbone of connectivity and plays a pivotal role in economic growth. Unlike railways, which operate along fixed routes, roads provide access to even the most remote areas, enabling the movement of people and goods seamlessly. For example, rural regions in developing countries often rely heavily on road networks to transport agricultural produce to urban markets. Neglecting roads in favor of railways would exacerbate rural isolation and hinder equitable economic development. Furthermore, roads facilitate last-mile connectivity, a critical aspect of supply chains and e-commerce, which railways cannot address effectively. Countries like India, which have focused on expanding highways through projects like the Golden Quadrilateral, have witnessed significant economic benefits, underscoring the importance of road investments for national progress.


In addition to economic advantages, roads are far more versatile and adaptable than railways. Unlike trains, which are limited to predetermined schedules and routes, roads support a wide array of vehicles, including cars, buses, trucks, and bicycles, offering unparalleled flexibility. This adaptability ensures that diverse transportation needs are met efficiently, whether for personal travel, emergency services, or commercial logistics. For instance, during natural disasters, roads often serve as the primary means for delivering aid and evacuating affected populations, while railways are rendered ineffective due to damage or inflexibility. Moreover, advancements in road technology, such as electric vehicle charging stations and smart traffic management systems, promise to make road travel increasingly sustainable, further strengthening the case for prioritizing road infrastructure over railways.


In conclusion, roads are essential for fostering connectivity, promoting economic development, and accommodating diverse transportation needs. While railways have their merits, prioritizing roads ensures equitable access, flexibility, and adaptability, making them a more prudent focus for government investment.



Sample Essay 3

The debate over whether governments should allocate more resources to railways than roads is highly contentious. I strongly agree with the statement, as prioritizing railways fosters economic efficiency through reduced transportation costs and promotes regional development by improving access to underserved areas. This essay will critically examine these points, arguing that railways are indispensable for sustainable growth and equitable infrastructure development.


Railways are a catalyst for economic efficiency by drastically reducing transportation costs for both goods and passengers. Compared to roads, where individual vehicles dominate, railways enable economies of scale, moving large quantities of freight or passengers at significantly lower per-unit costs. For instance, bulk commodities like coal, steel, and agricultural products are transported far more economically via railways, allowing businesses to remain competitive in global markets. Furthermore, rail systems are less vulnerable to fluctuating fuel prices because they can operate on electricity or alternative energy sources, providing cost stability over time. This efficiency translates into broader economic benefits, as reduced logistics costs lower the prices of goods and services, benefitting consumers and fostering national economic resilience.


In addition to economic efficiency, railways play a pivotal role in promoting regional development by improving connectivity to underserved and remote areas. Unlike roads, which often prioritize urban and commercially viable routes, railways have the capacity to link isolated regions with urban centers, facilitating access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. For example, the development of railway corridors in Africa has significantly boosted regional trade, integrating rural economies into national and international markets. Railways also promote balanced urbanization by encouraging population dispersal, reducing the strain on overcrowded cities. By investing in rail infrastructure, governments can address regional disparities and promote inclusive growth, ensuring that no part of the population is left behind.


In conclusion, governments should prioritize railways over roads because of their capacity to enhance economic efficiency and drive regional development. These investments ensure sustainable and equitable progress by reducing costs, connecting isolated areas, and fostering balanced growth, making railways an essential component of modern infrastructure planning.



Sample Essay 4

Governments face the challenge of allocating resources efficiently for public infrastructure, and I firmly support the view that railways should take precedence over roads. This essay will argue that railways provide long-term environmental benefits and serve as a more reliable solution for addressing urban transportation demands, making them a superior investment compared to roads.


Railways are undeniably a more sustainable transportation option, offering significant environmental advantages over roads. Trains can transport a large number of passengers or substantial freight with far less energy consumption than vehicles on roads. This efficiency reduces the overall carbon footprint of transportation, a critical consideration in combating climate change. For instance, electric trains powered by renewable energy sources emit virtually no greenhouse gases, unlike the millions of petrol- and diesel-powered cars congesting urban streets. Additionally, expanding railway networks can curb the rapid urban sprawl driven by car-dependent cities, preserving green spaces and reducing pollution levels. By prioritizing railways, governments can align transportation infrastructure with global climate goals and promote cleaner, greener urban environments.


In addition to environmental benefits, railways are far more effective in addressing the transportation needs of densely populated urban areas. A single train can replace hundreds of cars, alleviating traffic congestion and ensuring smoother, faster commutes for residents. For example, countries with advanced rail systems, such as Germany, have witnessed significant reductions in road congestion and commuter delays, thanks to efficient and reliable rail networks. Moreover, railways enhance the safety and convenience of travel, as trains operate on dedicated tracks, minimizing the risks of accidents commonly associated with road traffic. Investing in high-capacity railway systems not only reduces travel time for individuals but also bolsters economic productivity by ensuring the timely movement of goods and workers.


In conclusion, prioritizing railways over roads is a forward-thinking approach that yields substantial environmental and practical benefits. By fostering sustainable development and addressing the growing challenges of urban mobility, railway investment ensures a cleaner, safer, and more efficient transportation future for society.


Achieve your dream score with our detailed IELTS eBooks - your complete guide!

bottom of page